High school completion is a fundamental educational milestone that holds important implications for both students and public education districts.. For students, obtaining a high school diploma offers the expectation of more stable employment prospects, higher lifetime earnings, and the opportunity to continue one's education at the postsecondary level. For school districts, the share of their high school students that earn a diploma (or those who fail to do so) is now a major component of their scorecard. For communities, the educational achievement of its residents affects what kind of employers operate in the area and thus the overall economic vitality. If the local workforce does not have adequate skills, many employers will find a different community to operate in.
The Washington State Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) uses cohorts to track high school graduation rates. The start of each new academic year is the beginning of a new cohort for students entering the 9th grade for the first time. The cohort follows all students from the beginning of the 9th grade through graduation adjusting only for students transferring in or out.
To calculate the overall 5-year extended high school graduation rate (or any cohort), divide the number of graduates by the number of students in the adjusted cohort. The 5-year rate includes all students finishing within 5-years, including on-time graduates who are the majority of students captured in the 5-year rate. The method follows an adjusted cohort of students entering 9th grade for the first time and calculates how many of them graduate after five years of high school. The equation is quite simple: graduation rate = (students graduating within five years with a high school diploma)/(first-time entering 9th graders five years earlier, net of transfers). Each student is assigned an identification number to follow them if they transfer to a different school in-state, as transfers are the only component that alters a given cohort. There are no exceptions for students enrolled in Special Education, English Language Learning, or transferring in with an inadequate number of credits. typically, the share of the cohort taking 5-years to graduate is very small.
For example, for students completing graduation requirements by the end of the 2018-2019 school year:
- The on-time cohort are students who started the 9th grade for the first time at the beginning of the 2015-2016 school year.
- The 5-year cohort are students who started the 9th grade for the first time at the beginning of the 2014-2015 school year.
This indicator measures the 5-year extended graduation rate of public high school students in Walla Walla County. Washington State is offered as a benchmark. Additional information, including a breakdown by school district, can be found in the "Download Data" section.